Panic bars — also called crash bars or exit devices — are a life-safety requirement in many commercial buildings. Understanding when they're required, what types exist, and how to maintain them can protect your business from liability and keep occupants safe.
A panic bar (formally: 'panic hardware' or 'exit device') is a horizontal bar mounted across an emergency exit door. Pushing the bar from the inside always allows egress regardless of whether the door is locked from the outside. They're designed to allow fast escape during fire or emergency without fumbling with a handle or key.
IBC (International Building Code) and local fire codes typically require panic hardware in buildings with occupancy loads of 50 or more in specific spaces: assembly areas, education facilities, factories, storage facilities, and high-hazard areas. Always verify with your local jurisdiction.
Rim devices (most common — bar mounts to door surface), mortise devices (bar connects to a mortise lock body in the door edge), and vertical rod devices (bars at top and bottom of door for pairs of doors). Each suits different door types and security requirements.
Panic bars allow free exit but you control outside entry. Options include: no outside trim (exit only), key cylinder trim (key entry from outside), lever trim, or electronic access. Electronic outside trim integrates with access control systems for logging and remote locking.
Panic hardware must be tested monthly per NFPA 101 (Life Safety Code). Push-test each device, confirm the door opens freely, check for wear on the bar mechanism, and verify outside trim functions correctly. Document all inspections.